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Kelut Volcano - John Seach
(Kelud) East Java, Indonesia
7.93 S, 112.31 E
summit elevation 1731 m
stratovolcano
Kelut volcano has been the location of some of Indonesia's most deadly eruptions. Kelut is located about 90 kilometers from Indonesia's second largest city of Surabaya. Typical eruptions are short and violent, and produce pyroclastic flows and lahars. The crater lake contained 38 million cubic metres of water before a series of tunnels was made in 1926 to keep the water level at 1.8 million cubic metres (1133 m above sea level).
In 1901 ash fell at Serang 650 km from the volcano. Lava flows have not been detected in historical times. An earthquake crisis in October 2007 preceded formation of a lava dome. A lava dome also formed prior to 1919 eruption. It was composed of andesite, and was blown apart in an eruption.
The Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) of Mt. Kelud, which has ranged historically from 3 to 5. It recorded VEI 5 in 1856, which is equivalent to the 1991 eruption of Mt. Pinatubo in the Philippines that killed 932, and the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens in the United States.
Activity increased at Kelut volcano in August 2007. At the crater lake there was an increase in water temperature, drop in pH, and change in colour from green to yellow as CO2 gas escaped from the bottom of the lake. CO2 emission increased from 50 to 500 tons per day. This coincided with an increase in lake minerals; Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Bicarbonate (HCO3), Chloride (Cl), Sulphate (SO4), and Boron (B). The volcano erupted on November 03 2007, but the gas pressure was not sufficient to produce explosions.
Kelut Volcano Eruptions
2007, 1990, 1967, 1967, 1966, 1951, 1920, 1919, 1901, 1864, 1851, 1848, 1835, 1826, 1825, 1811, 1785, 1776, 1771, 1752, 1716, 1641, 1586, 1548, 1481, 1462, 1451, 1450, 1411, 1395, 1385, 1376, 1334, 1311, 1000